References

Graduate Level Fluid Mechanics References

Abbott, M.B., and D.R. Basco, 1989, Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Introduction for Engineers, Longman Publishers, 425 pp.
Comment: The book is well written and covers all the basic computational techniques used in modeling fluid flow. The applications are geared towards engineering applications. The book has a "down to earth" treatment of the Navier-Stokes equations. The book is a must for students working in model development.
Aris, R., 1962, Vectors, Tensors, and the Basic Equations of Fluid Mechanics, Dover, 286 pp.
Comment: This book covers all you want and do not want to know about tensors in fluid mechanics. It is an excellent reference for explaining the "geometeric" meaning of gradients, curls, divergences, and laplaces as they relate to fluid flow.
Batchelor, G.K., 1967, An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge Press, 615 pp.
Comment:Considered to be the most widely used text-book in intermediate fluid mechanics courses. The book is very rich in fluid dynamics topics. An excellent derivation and rigorous discussion of Navier-Stokes equations are presented.
Batchelor, G.K., 1953, Homogeneous Turbulence, Cambridge, 197 pp.
Comment: A classic. The book presents a complete theoretical description of homogeneous turbulence. It is a widely referenced book. Students who envision studying turbulence for graduate work are strongly encouraged to read this book.
Bird, R.B., W.E. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot, 1960, Transport Phenomena, John Wiley and Sons, 780 pp.
Comment: This book is on the shelves of all researchers dealing with fluid flow. Students interested in boundary layers and diffusion from leaf stomata may find Ch.17 and Ch.19 providing a wealth of research ideas.
Bradshaw, P., 1978, Turbulence, Topics in Applied Physics, Springer-Verlag, 339 pp.
Comment: A collection of papers dealing with turbulence models and measurements. The introduction by P. Bradshaw (Ch.1) and the Heat and Mass Transport chapter by B.E. Launder are excellent and a "must get" for students interested in turbulent transport processes. I will make copies of these papers and place them in the in the Biological Science Library.
Brodkey, R.S., 1967, The Phenomena of Fluid Motions, Dover, 737 pp.
Comment: A Dover classic. Part III of the book provides excellent complementary material to Landau and Lifshitz, 1959. Reasonable price ($19.5).
Chorin, A.J., 1994, Vorticity and Turbulence, Springer Verlag, 175 pp.
Comment:The book covers, in great details, the vorticity dynamics equations and their linkages to many advanced topics in turbulence research. The book is not recommended as a first text to turbulence but rather as an advanced text for research ideas.
Chevray, R. and J. Mathieu, 1993, Topics in Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University, 320 pp.
Comment: The book is a timely and interesting coverage of the basic fluid mechanics equations from the "french-school" perspective. More advanced than Tritton, 1988.
Fletcher, C.A.J, 1988, Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics, Springer-Verlag, 409 pp. (Vol.I and II).
Comment:A standard text in computational methods. The book is widely used as a reference in computational methods of mass and heat transfer. Applications are engineering oriented but numerical techniques can be adopted to many environmental transport problems.
Hinze, J.O., 1959, Turbulence, McGraw Hill, 586 pp.
Comment: A classic. Excellent introduction to statistical concepts applied to turbulence. Ch. 5 is a detailed discussion on transport processes in turbulent flows and is referenced in the majority of texts.
Landahl, M.T., and E. Mollo-Christensen, 1992, Turbulence and Random Processes in Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 160 pp.
Comment:This short book was written from the lecture notes of Prof. Mollo-Christensen with the attempt to teach a mixed group of students from engineering, physics, chemistry, applied mathematics, meteorology, oceanography, and biology majors. The book covers a wide range of topics (anywhere from convection to application of chaos theory to statistical fluid mechanics), but not in great details. The first two chapters are an excellent introduction to Navier-Stokes equations and the application of statistical mechanics to fluid flow. The price of this book is very reasonable ($19).
Landau, L.D., and E.M. Lifshitz, 1959, Fluid Mechanics, Pergamon Press, 539 pp.
Comment:The book is an excellent reference (though not a very good text book) for research scientist in fluid flow. The treatment of the topic of fluid mechanics is very complete but turbulence is not the main focus of the book. It does however demonstrate the applicability of statistical mechanics to many problems of fluid mechanics in a coherent way.
Lesieur, M., 1987, Turbulence in Fluids, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 412 pp.
Comment: The book is an intermediate-advanced text on turbulence. Ch.6 is a corner stone chapter in many phenomenological theories to turbulence closure schemes. The book also presents a thorough and complete introduction to Large-Eddy Simulations (LES).
Lumley, J.L., 1970, Stochastic Tools in Turbulence, Academic Press, 200 pp.
Comment:This book covers a wide range of topics in stochastic processes. It is an excellent complementary text to many statistical fluid mechanics and journals. The proper- orthogonal decomposition is discussed in details. A readable appendix on functional analysis is also presented.
McComb, W.D., 1992, The Physics of Fluid Turbulence, Oxford University Press, 572 pp.
Comment: An advanced treatment of turbulence flow. Exhaustive discussion on the application of Renormalized Group Theory to model turbulent eddy-motion statistics. Discussion on turbulence measurements is available but not complete. Since the book is relatively recent, it covers a wide list of journal articles and books spanning from 1939 till the present. It is a good starting point for a literature hunt.
Meyer, R.E., 1971, Introduction to Mathematical Fluid Dynamics, Dover, 185 pp.
Comment: This book is oriented towards mathematics majors and is written in a style of "theorems and corollaries". The treatment on compressible flows is good.
Monin, A.S., and A.M. Yaglom, 1971 (Vol.I) and 1975 (Vol.II), Statistical Fluid Mechanics, MIT Press, ed. J. Lumley, 769 pp. and 890 pp.
Comment: These two volumes are the most complete and extensive treatment of statistical fluid mechanics ever written so far. The second chapter is the best written chapter on the application of statistical mechanics to turbulence. It treats the concepts of stationarity, homogeneity, ergodicity, etc... and the moment/cumulant expansions of turbulent flow variables in very clear and "down to earth" manner. The first volume is also widely referenced because of its complete treatment of similarity theory (Ch.4) for stratified fluids. Ch.5 is also provides a complete theoretical treatment for Lagrangian models that are used in non-point source polution studies.
Panton, R.L., 1984, Incompressible Flow, John Wiley and Sons, 780 pp.
Comment: Excellent Derivation of Navier- Stokes equations, The book covers in great details Laminar Boundary layers, transition to turbulence is also covered. Ch.23 serves as a moderate introduction to Turbulence. Ch. 3 reviews vector calculus and tensor notation.
Stanisic, M.M., 1985, Mathematical Theory of Turbulence, Springer Verlag, 429 pp.
Comment: The book is an intermediate text to turbulence. Ch.1-4 are very readable and present a very comprehensive review of the Navier-Stokes equations and Prandtl's mixing length theory, Ch.6 offers an excellent treatment on stochastic processess and their application to turbulence. The rest of the book invites many research topics on turbulence.
Tennekes, H., and J.L. Lumley, 1972, A First Course in Turbulence, MIT Press, 299 pp.
Comment:This book is among the most referenced books in turbulence. The first chapter is a corner stone to many models and applications. It is the "intuition" development chapter.
Turner, J.S., 1973, Buoyancy effects in fluids, Cambridge University, 368 pp.
Comment: The bible for convection and density stratified fluid flows.
Townsend, A.A., 1976, The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, Cambridge University Press, 429 pp.
Comment: A classic book. Every chapter in that book proved to be a complete treatment of the topic covered. The book is an intermediate treatment of shear flows. The convection and dispersion of passive admixtures are also covered.
Tritton, D.J., 1988, Physical Fluid Dynamics, Oxford Science Publishers, 519 pp.
Comment: An introductory text to Navier-Stokes equations, very clear derivations, and the illustrations to many mixing phenomena is excellent. The book is a great reference if the readers knoweledge about some fluid mechanics topic is very limited. The Chapters discussing convection organized eddy-motion (Ch.22 and 23) are the corner stone to many advanced models.
Van Dyke, M., An Album of Fluid Motion, Parabolic Press, 175 pp.
Comment: This book is a collection of pictures from famous experiments that pictorially illustrate all important mechanisms in fluid flow.
Warsi, Z.U.A., 1993, Fluid Dynamics: Theoretical and Computational Approaches, CRC, 683 pp.
Comment: This book covers many topics in fluid dynamics and is very complete. A great reference to have. Chapter 6 is saturated with topics about transition to turbulence and turbulence. The book also introduces mant computational tools used in fluid dynamics. The book also has two Mathematical Expositions that review many topics in applied mathematics and linear algebra in a clear and concise fashion.

Turbulence in the Natural Environment

Brutsaert, W., 1982, Evaporation into the Atmosphere: Theory, History, and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 299 pp.
Comment:This book presents a coherent and organized introduction to theoretical concepts and relationships useful in analyzing evaporation in the natural environment. Basic defenitions and a description of the lower-atmospheric processes is written with a non- atmospheric science major in mind (Ch.3). Flux-profile relationships commonly used in turbulence models and flux measurements is detailed in Ch.4. Useful surface roughness parameterizations are discussed in Ch.5. The book also presents evaporation from the soil scientist perspective (Ch.11).
Fischer, H.B., E.J. List, R.C.Y. Koh, J. Imberger, and N.H. Brooks, 1979, Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters, Acadamic Press, 483 pp.
Comment:This book is a complete and stand-alone book for dispersion in inland and coastal waters. The book deals with many theoretical and practical approximations to the Navier-Stokes equations generally employed in dispersion models. The book is a standard text book to many graduate classes dealing with dispersion in estuaries, lakes, rivers and streams, and coasts. A "must get" book for the water students.
French, R., 1985, Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw Hill, 705.
Comment: Students interested in stream flow will find this book very helpful. The book covers many topics about open channel hydraulics (natural and artificial) and practical approximations employed in computational hydraulics.
Garratt, J.R., 1992, The Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Cambridge University Press, 316 pp.
Comment: This book is similar to Stull (1988) in context. The similarity theory part is better covered. Also, many applications presented relate to canopy responses and is very useful for students dealing with gas transport in the natural environment.
Kaimal, J.C., and J.J. Finnigan, 1994, Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows: Their Structure and Measurement, Oxford University Press, 289 pp.
Comment:The objective of this book is to show the applications of micrometeorology to mass and momentum exchange processes above uniform and complex terrain. The book has an excellent chapter on flow and transport within canopies (Ch.3). The chapter on instrumentation is well written and very thorough (Ch.6).
Lenschow, D.H., 1984, Probing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer, American Meteorological Society, 269 pp.
Comment: The book discusses measurement techniques for atmospheric flows. An excellent treatment on Aerosols measurements (R.F. Pueschel), Visibility measurements (W. Viezee), Gaseous Tracers (W.F. Dabberdt), LIDAR (Schwiesow), RADAR (R.B. Chadwick), and Acoustic Remote Sensing (W.D. Neff) are presented. A "must read" paper on Measurement Physics (J.C. Wyngaard) is also included.
Lumley, J.L., and H. Panofsky, 1964, The Structure of Atmospheric Turbulence, John Wiley and Sons, 239 pp.
Comment: Much of the material presented in Stull (1988), Panofsky and Dutton (1984) was presented in this book. Ch.1, the statistical description of turbulence, is a classic. A rigorous derivation and testing of Taylor's (1938) frozen turbulence hypothesis is also discussed in this book.
Nieuwstadt, F.T.M. and H. van Dop, 1982, Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modelling, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 353 pp.
Comment: This book is a collection of 8 lectures for a course held in the Hague (Netherlands) to update and exchange scientific information and results about modeling air pollutants. The Chapters by J.A. Businger (Navier-Stokes equations), H. Tennekes (Similarity Laws and Spectral Dynamics), J.C. Wyngaard (Boundary-Layer Modeling), R.G. Lamb (Diffusion in the Convective Boundary Layer), and J.C.R. Hunt (Diffusion in the Stable Boundary Layer) are considered to be the "state of the art" approaches in air pollution and dispersion models.
Panofsky, H., and J.A. Dutton, 1984, Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineers and Scientists, John Wiley and Sons, 397 pp.
Comment: This book includes results from many lower-atmosphere experiments including functional forms for the application of surface layer similarity theory (Ch.6,7,8). The chapter on atmospheric dispersion (C.10) is a "must read" chaper for students interested in air quality. Also, students analyzing high frequency atmospheric measurements may want to compare their results with published values in this book.
Pasquil, F., and F.B Smith, 1983, Atmospheric Diffusion, John Wiley and Sons, 437 pp.
Comment: A fundemental text book dealing with the study of dispersion of windborn material from industrial sources. The book is the corner-stone to the majority of EPA used air-pollution models. This book is a "must get" for students studying air pollution.
Sorbjan, Z., 1989, Structure of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Prentice Hall, 317 pp.
Comment: Similar to Lumley and Panofsky but the book is written in a "text-book" style.
Stull, R., 1988, An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, Kluwer Academic, 666 pp.
Comment: This is the standard text in Graduate level Boundary Layer Meteorology courses. The book details the application of Navier-Stokes equations to stratified atmospheric flows. Other topics such as cloud formation, etc... are also covered.